Over the years, the Church managed to instill in common people a fear of hell. Some protest had to follow, and indeed did follow, centuries of such indoctrination.
Celebrations of love and license and other libertine expressions found their way to the common people. In the 12th century, primarily in Southern France, the troubadours, traveling poet-musicians, appeared. They were poets who sang of love and eroticism using a new poetic language.
